Color Science

Color Spaces & HDR: Rec.709 vs Rec.2020 and Tone-Mapping for Web Displays

Color Spaces & HDR: Rec.709 vs Rec.2020 and Tone-Mapping for Web Displays
Rec.709
Standard Dynamic Range
Rec.2020
Wide Color Gamut (HDR)
Gamma 2.4
Target Web Transfer Curve

Have you ever recorded a stunning 10-bit HDR video on your iPhone or mirrorless camera, uploaded it to Facebook, and discovered that the resulting clip looks washed-out, milky gray, or has blown-out neon highlights?

This common issue is caused by an unmanaged color space mismatch. Modern smartphones capture video in the wide Rec.2020 color gamut using High Dynamic Range transfer functions (HLG or Apple Log). However, most web browsers and social media transcoders default to standard dynamic range (Rec.709). When an HDR file is uploaded without tone-mapping, color clipping ruins contrast.

Tone-Mapping: Converting HDR to Flawless Web SDR

To ensure your video looks vibrant and consistent across every phone screen and desktop monitor, apply a Color Space Transform (CST) before exporting your final master:

  1. Input Color Space: Set to your camera's native profile (e.g. Apple Log, Sony S-Gamut3.Cine, or Rec.2020 HLG).
  2. Output Color Space: Set to Rec.709 (ITU-R BT.709).
  3. Output Gamma: Set to Gamma 2.4 (or sRGB for pure web display).
  4. Tone Mapping Method: Select DaVinci Tone Mapping or ACEScc to compress highlight roll-off gracefully without clipping skin tones.

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Written by Shahrukh Ahmad (SRK AMD)

Lead software engineer at FB4KDownloader.com. Dedicated to building open, client-side web media utilities, demystifying video engineering, and empowering digital creators with reliable archiving tools.